In the past ten years of preschool education, we have forged ahead, and the future can be expected

April 26 at 10:00 am

Ministry of Education held

"Ten Years of Education" "1+1"series

first press conference

The main venue of the conference is located in the Ministry of Education

The branch venue is located in Jiangsu Province

Meeting Focus

The effect of preschool education reform since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China

China Education News reporter Zhang Jinsong / photo

Educational outcomes, video presentation

Director Lu Yugang Introducing the achievements of the ten-year reform and development of preschool education

Life is a hundred years, standing in early childhood. Preschool education is related to the healthy growth of hundreds of millions of children, the happiness and harmony of thousands of households, and the development of the country and the future of the nation. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core, focusing on winning the tough battle of poverty alleviation through education, decisively building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, and laying the foundation for the second centenary goal, preschool education has been conscientiously practiced as party education. The lofty mission of cultivating talents for people and the country is to build a public service system for preschool education with wide coverage, basic guarantees and high quality, and to continuously meet the people’s expectations for nurturing and nurturing. and historic achievements.

China Education News reporter Zhang Jinsong / photo

First, the level of attention is unprecedented

The Party Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the cause of preschool education, and General Secretary Xi Jinping has made many important instructions on the reform and development of preschool education. In the past ten years, the central government has made comprehensive and systematic arrangements for preschool education. The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to "run preschool education well", and the 19th National Congress of the Party called for "new progress in early childhood education"; Several Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Deepening the Reform and Standardizing Development of Pre-school Education, which is also the first pre-school education document issued in the name of the Party Central Committee, further clarifies the basic direction of pre-school education public welfare and universal benefits, and proposes promoting the popularization of pre-school education. A major policy measure for inclusive, safe and high-quality development, this document is an important milestone and fully demonstrates the Party Central Committee's cordial care for hundreds of millions of pre-school children and its strong determination to run pre-school education well.

Second, the level of popularization has increased substantially

Focusing on solving the "difficulty in entering the kindergarten", we will continue to expand the supply of preschool education resources to ensure "there is a kindergarten". In the past ten years, the total amount of preschool education resources has increased rapidly. In 2021, the number of kindergartens nationwide will reach 295,000, an increase of 128,000 or 76.8% over 2011, which effectively guarantees the increasing demand for school-age children to enter kindergartens. The gross enrollment rate continues to increase rapidly. In 2021, the number of children in kindergartens nationwide will reach 48.052 million, an increase of 13.808 million over 2011. The gross enrollment rate for the three years before school will increase from 62.3% in 2011 to 88.1% in 2021. , an increase of 25.8 percentage points, and the basic popularization of preschool education has been achieved, which is also an important historical leap to achieve basic popularization. The central and western regions and rural areas are developing the fastest. About 80% of the new kindergartens nationwide are concentrated in the central and western regions, and about 60% are distributed in rural areas. The 13 provinces whose gross enrollment rate has increased by more than 30% in the past ten years are concentrated in the central and western provinces. The enrollment rate of the "three districts and three prefectures" and other deeply impoverished areas has increased significantly. For example, Linxia Prefecture in Gansu has increased from 15.8% to 95.5%. , Yunnan Nujiang Prefecture increased from 25.6% to 90.01%, and the preschool education gap between regions and urban and rural areas has significantly narrowed.

Third, inclusive resources are widely covered

Focusing on solving the "expensive entry into the park", efforts are made to build a park system with inclusive resources as the main body to achieve "affordable". In the past ten years, the structure of preschool education resources has undergone structural changes. In 2021, the number of inclusive kindergartens across the country (including public kindergartens and inclusive private kindergartens, which are collectively referred to as inclusive kindergartens) will reach 245,000. , accounting for 83% of the total number of kindergartens. Among them, there were 128,000 public parks, an increase of 149.7% over 2011, giving full play to the important role of public parks in securing the bottom line, ensuring basics, stabilizing fees, and leading the way. The level of inclusive benefits has been greatly improved. In 2021, the proportion of children in inclusive kindergartens nationwide will reach 87.8%, an increase of 20.5 percentage points over 2016. Here I would like to explain that the indicator of the proportion of children in inclusive kindergartens has only been established since 2016. Among them, 12 provinces exceed 90%, effectively ensuring that the vast majority of children enjoy inclusive preschool education.

Fourth, the quality of care and education has improved significantly

Focusing on solving the "primary school", insist on the simultaneous advancement of preschool education connotation construction and career development, and strive to ensure "good gardens". Over the past ten years, the concept of scientific protection of education has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. With the themes of "Games Brighten Happy Childhood" and "Scientific Linkage of Children's Collaboration", the theme publicity activities of "National Preschool Education Publicity Month" have been carried out every year. It has been held for ten consecutive years, targeting the whole society. Continue to disseminate the concepts and methods of scientific parenting, and promote scientific parenting knowledge into thousands of households. Professional guidance has been continuously strengthened. The Ministry of Education has successively issued the "Guidelines for Kindergarten Education", "Guidelines for Learning and Development of Children Aged 3-6", "Guiding Opinions on Vigorously Promoting the Scientific Connection between Kindergartens and Primary Schools", and "Guidelines for Quality Assessment of Kindergarten Nursing Education". A series of important documents has established a relatively complete professional guidance system, providing strong professional guidance for scientific education.

Fifth, the team of teachers has been continuously strengthened

Adhere to multiple measures to continuously improve the overall level of the teaching staff. In the past ten years, the scale of teacher training has continued to expand. In 2021, there will be 1,095 colleges and universities offering pre-school education majors nationwide, with 265,000 graduates, an increase of 591 and 231,000 compared with 2011, an increase of 1.2 times and 6.7 times, respectively. It has provided strong support for the continuous replenishment of kindergarten teachers. The staffing of teachers has basically reached the standard. In 2021, the total number of kindergarten directors and full-time teachers nationwide will exceed 3.5 million, an increase of 2 million or 1.3 times over 2011. The student-teacher ratio will drop from 26:1 in 2011 to 2021. The ratio of 15:1 has basically reached the standard of "two education and one guarantee", and the shortage of teachers has been effectively alleviated. The quality of teachers has been significantly improved, and the educational structure has been further optimized. In 2021, the proportion of principals and full-time teachers with a college degree or above will reach 87.8%, an increase of 24 percentage points from 2011. The "National Training Program" for kindergarten teachers has been continuously implemented. From 2012 to 2020, a total of 4.3 billion yuan has been invested, and more than 2.43 million person-times of kindergarten teachers have been trained, and the professional level of teachers has been continuously improved.

Sixth, the rapid growth of capital investment

Adhering to the principle of "government investment is the mainstay, and families are reasonably shared", the preschool education funding investment mechanism has been continuously improved. In the past ten years, financial investment has continued to increase. In 2020, the national fiscal preschool education expenditure was 253.2 billion yuan, a five-fold increase from 41.6 billion yuan in 2011. Because the statistical data for 2021 has not been released, we used the 2020 The data. The proportion of fiscal education funding increased from 2.2% in 2011 to 5.9% in 2020. The central government has invested more than 170 billion yuan in the special funds for the development of preschool education over the past ten years, which has effectively stimulated the rapid growth of local financial investment and provided a strong guarantee for the development of preschool education.

Seventh, the institutional system is basically perfect

Adhering to the principle of "governing education according to law and running kindergartens according to law", the scientific, professional and standardized level of preschool education has been continuously improved. Over the past ten years, the management system has been basically sound, and normative documents have been revised and promulgated successively, such as the Work Regulations for Kindergartens, the Construction Standards for Kindergartens, the Interim Measures for the Management of Kindergarten Fees, the Professional Standards for Kindergarten Principals, and the Professional Standards for Kindergarten Teachers. The level of running the kindergarten has played an important role. Supervision and evaluation were carried out in depth. The Measures for Supervision and Evaluation of Kindergarten-running Behavior and the Measures for Supervision and Evaluation of Preschool Education Universalization and Inclusive Benefit in County Areas were issued. The supervision and evaluation of school-running behavior and the identification of universal and inclusive benefits in county areas were fully implemented, and a supervision and accountability mechanism was established. Effectively promote the development of preschool education. Pre-school education legislation has been steadily advanced. On the basis of comprehensively summarizing the reform and development of pre-school education over the past ten years, a draft pre-school education law has been drafted to actively promote pre-school education on the track of legalization.

Ten years of reform

In the past ten years, my country's preschool education has achieved leapfrog development, and its popularization level ranks among the top in the world. The majority of school-age children have a fair opportunity to receive preschool education;

In the past ten years, there have been changes in the pattern of preschool education resources, the background of public welfare and inclusiveness has become more clear, and the people's sense of gain and happiness have been significantly enhanced;

In the past ten years, the preschool education governance system has been continuously improved, and the level of running kindergartens has been significantly improved, laying a solid foundation for improving the quality of the people and building a strong education country;

In the past ten years, preschool education has always been based on national conditions and has the courage to innovate, creating preschool education development experience with Chinese characteristics, and contributing Chinese solutions to the world.

Encouragement to move forward

Looking back on the extraordinary journey that preschool education has gone through in the past ten years, we deeply realize that running preschool education well:

We must uphold the overall leadership of the party to ensure that preschool education is always moving in the right direction;

We must uphold the people's stand, and take the development of public welfare and inclusive preschool education as an important responsibility of the government;

We must persist in deepening reform and innovation, and constantly break down the institutional and institutional obstacles that restrict the reform and development of preschool education;

We must adhere to scientific nursing education, and earnestly follow the laws of preschool education and the laws of physical and mental development of young children.

Lu Yugang Future Development

Enter a new era and embark on a new journey. We will adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, conscientiously implement the major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council on preschool education, actively serve the national population development strategy, and thoroughly implement the "14th Five-Year Plan" preschool education development and improvement action Plan" to vigorously promote the high-quality development of preschool education. Further complement the shortcomings of inclusive resources. Continue to increase the supply of inclusive preschool education resources through multiple channels, strengthen the construction of kindergartens in rural and urban areas where new populations are concentrated, and effectively ensure that school-age children enter kindergartens. Further improve the inclusive guarantee mechanism. Implement a funding investment mechanism that focuses on government investment, reasonably shared by families, and raised through other channels, and effectively solves the problem of human, financial and material security for inclusive preschool education. Further improve the quality of care and education. Deepening the reform of kindergarten education, guided by scientific concepts and advanced experience, comprehensively improve the level of running kindergartens and the quality of scientific care and education, and lay the foundation for promoting the healthy growth and life-long development of children.

Image/Text from the Ministry of Education

Editor/Green Forest Preschool